C) naturalistic observations. the "sensory switchboard" or "router": All sensory messages, except smell, are routed through the thalamus on the way to the cortex. A) mean The psychological definition of attention is a state of focused awareness on a subset of the available perceptual information. humanistic psychologists focused attention on the importance of people As a result, humanistic psychology has many branches and extensions, as outlined in Table 2.2. This school of psychology gives people more credit for controlling and determining their state of mental health. B) under the influence of heroin the brain ceases production of all neurotransmitters. A questioning attitude regarding psychologists' assumptions and hidden values best illustrates Then the flight time from Glasgow to Paris will be (X+10). In a written report of their research, psychologists specify exactly how anxiety is assessed, thus providing their readers with a(n) A) ACh agonists. Melissa has just completed running a marathon. D) dendrite, cell body, axon, synapse. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Illness is a biological but not a behavioural stressor. To demonstrate that brain stimulation can make a rat violently aggressive, a neuroscientist should electrically stimulate the rat's Which perspective is most concerned with how individuals interpret their experiences? A) random sequences often don't look random. The enduring traditions, attitudes, and behaviors shared by a large group of people constitutes their A) medulla. B) observation. All Rights Reserved, Quiz 1: The History and Scope of Psychology. C) neural networks. C) developmental psychology Psychological differences between the genders are We have an equation with one unknown variable: X + 45 + (X+10) = 255 X = 100 So the [], Mayans are well-known as great pottery makers. Physiological age is the number of years a person has been alive. The key principles of humanistic psychology include human capacity for self-actualization, self-direction, and choice. Who was a student of William James and the first female president of the American Psychological Association? potential for healthy growth. Name a prominent psychologist associated with the humanistic perspective. It has emphasized a positive view of human beings and their potential to achieve real joy. Trust feelings: Feelings, instincts, and gut-reactions are paid attention to and trusted. Ervin's conclusion best illustrates the danger of Likewise, we have known since Freuds time that insight, if it is accepted and assimilated by the client, is therapeutic. B) hippocampus. And last, a person must have a good balance between the perceived challenges of the task at hand and his or her own perceived skills. Does psychoanalytic theory focus on the unconscious? The reticular formation is located in the They did not use the pottery wheel. Want to create or adapt OER like this? Random assignment minimizes ________ between experimental and control groups. During the 1950s and 1960s, Carl Rogers, for instance, introduced what he called person or client-centred therapy, which relies on clients capacity for self-direction, empathy, and acceptance to promote clients development. D) cerebellum. This relationship would NOT necessarily indicate that watching violence influences aggressive behavior because C) providing therapy to troubled people. Being randomly assigned to the experimental group in a research project involves being assigned Edward Deci and Richard Ryan(1985)went on to explore and replicate these findings with humans many times over in their studies offamilies, classrooms, teams, organizations, clinics, and cultures. All Rights Reserved. PSY 100 QUIZ #1.docx - Psychology Quiz 1 1. Humanistic Wilson, human beings have an innate instinct to connect emotionally with nature. C) a PET scan. D) amygdala. D) curiosity, skepticism, and humility. American Psychologist, 1, 415-422. Stacey suggests that because children are more impulsive than adults, they will have more difficulty controlling their anger. We have not realized that under suitable psychological conditions these forces bring about emotional release in those areas and at those rates which are most beneficial to the individual. What is the relative importance of cognition in psychoanalytic theory? While behaviourism and cognitive schools of psychological thought may not agree theoretically, they have complemented each other in practical therapeutic applications, such as in cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) that has demonstrable utility in treating certain pathologies, such as simple phobias, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and addiction. However, scientists began to encounter situations during their experiments where the reward-punishment drive wasnt producing the expected performance results. Another influential therapy of the human potential movement is the technique known as transactional analysis, developed by Eric Berne. He tells her that it is too costly, and the chemicals are not that dangerous. The placebo effect best illustrates the impact of ________ on feelings and behaviors. D) nature versus nurture. Professor Lopez believes that severe depression results primarily from an imbalanced diet and abnormal brain chemistry. She tells her boss he should dispose of the chemicals in a safe manner. Existential living: Being in touch with different experiences as they occur in life, avoiding prejudging and preconceptions. D) thalamus. B) endorphins. A) theory. The fMRI shows increased activity in the visual cortex when a person looks at a photograph. The American psychologist Abraham Maslow, considered one of the leading architects of humanistic psychology, proposed a hierarchy of needs or drives in order of decreasing priority or potency but increasing sophistication: physiological needs, safety, belongingness and love, esteem, and self-actualization. The effect of a drug that is an agonist is to Outline two key differences between psychodynamic and humanistic theories of personality. a. Which of the following measures would tell her what she wants to know? Humanistic psychologists focused attention on the importance of people's. (Quiz) potential for healthy growth: 2: 1198959184: Contemporary psychology is best defined as the science of: (Quiz) behavior and mental processes: 3: 1198959185 B) median D) autonomic nervous system. This claim has been met with skepticism by many social scientists who see a role for multiple types of explanation of human behaviour, some of which are not reducible to biological explanations of any sort. Rather than focusing solely on our internal thoughts and desires, humanistic psychology also credits the environment's influence on our experiences. A) axon, dendrite, cell body, synapse D) thalamus. C) medulla. B) surveys. B) memory; emotion Other prominent humanist thinkers included Rollo May and Erich Fromm. B) neuroscience Schneider KJ, Pierson JF, Bugental JFT. What did psychology focus on before behaviorism was applied? Humanistic perspective believe that we should focus on our conscious experiences and strongly believe in human reaching their full potential. Humanistic psychology helped remove some of the stigma attached to therapy and made it more acceptable for normal, healthy individuals to explore their abilities and potential through therapy. -Works with the amygdala to form emotionally charged memories, -Regulates body temperature and ensures adequate food and water intake (homeostasis), and is involved in sex drive B) hippocampus. B) treat information about individual participants confidentially. The vast majority of neurons in the body's information system are Maslow AH. C) standard deviation B) normal curve. a band of axons connecting the hemispheres, each hemisphere perceives the half of the view in front of you that goes with the half of the body that is controlled by that hemisphere, Study how heredity and environment contribute to human differences, The study of how genes turn each other on and off in response to environmental conditions: The environment acts on the surface of genes to alter their activity. We have known for centuries that catharsis and emotional release were helpful. This helps the person negotiate any changing demands and allows him or her to adjust performance to maintain the flow state. ),Unfinished tasks in the behavioral sciences(1964). With regard to how each component of an individual's development is tied to their unique potentials, the humanistic approach is focused on the . Authentic happiness: Using the new positive psychology to realize your potential for lasting fulfillment. Introspection was the basic research tool used by ________ in order to study people's inner sensations and mental images. Humanistic psychology emerged as the third force in psychology after psychodynamic and behaviourist psychologies. Abraham Maslow (1908-1970) developed a hierarchy of motivationor hierarchy of needs culminating in self-actualization. B) random sampling Memory for nonattended auditory material. Professor Ober carefully observes and records the behaviors of children in their classrooms in order to track the development of their social and intellectual skills. It takes into consideration a person's full potential for healthy growth and well-being, instead of focusing on dysfunction. B. genetic . B) simply reflections of biological differences between the sexes. Csikszentmihlyi, M. (1988). The professors prediction regarding employment success is an example of: (Quiz), The biggest danger of relying on case study evidence is: (Quiz), May be unrepresentative of what is generally true, Which research method would be appropriate for investigating the relationship between the religious beliefs of americans and their attitude toward abortion: (Quiz), To assess reactions to a proposed tuition, Ariana sent a questionnaire to every 15th person in the registrars alphabetical listings of all currently enrolled students. The humanist is concerned with the fullest growth of the individual in the areas of love, fulfillment, self-worth, and autonomy. perspective believes even if it can not be directly observed it This method can be used to study more than one individual, and to find truths that apply to a broader population, a method of gathering information about many people's thoughts or behaviors through self-report rather than observation This most clearly illustrates the functioning of different Answer:- B) Potential for Sound Development. C) deceive participants about the true purpose of an experiment. Explore our library and get Introductory Psychology Homework Help with various study sets and a huge amount of quizzes and questions, Find all the solutions to your textbooks, reveal answers you wouldt find elsewhere, Scan any paper and upload it to find exam solutions and many more, Studying is made a lot easier and more fun with our online flashcards, Try out our new practice tests completely, 2020-2023 Quizplus LLC. Our website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. She is so elated that she feels little fatigue or discomfort. Humanistic psychologists focused attention on the importance of. Humanistic psychologists focused attention on the importance of people's: B. potential for healthy growth. A primary aim of both Humanistic and Posit. The sensory strip deals with information from touch stimuli. This involves the ability to adjust and change and seek new experiences. What is the markdown? What is attention in cognitive psychology? Metacognition involves conscious thought about thought processes and might include monitoring a persons performance on a given task, understanding a personscapabilities on particular mental tasks, or observing a persons ability to apply cognitive strategies. The school of thought of humanistic psychology gained traction due to key figure Abraham Maslow in the 1950s during the time of the . B) psychodynamic C) morphene antagonists. whereas a Ph.D. is focused on research. humanistic psychology, a movement in psychology supporting the belief that humans, as individuals, are unique beings and should be recognized and treated as such by psychologists and psychiatrists. C) hippocampus. Csikszentmihlyi identified the following six factors as encompassing an experience of flow: Flow theory suggests that three conditions have to be met to achieve a flow state. We have not realized that the individual is capable of exploring his attitudes and feelings, including those which have been denied to consciousness, at a rate which does not cause panic, and to the depth required for comfortable adjustment. Edinburgh, UK: Canongate Books. Harlow, H.F. (1950). COPD is the fourth largest killer of Australians and smoking is the most important risk factor for COPD. B) the experiment C) standard deviation A lopsided distribution of scores in which the mean is much larger than both the mode and median is said to be It is how people come to understand the world around them through interpretation of stimuli. Our tendency to believe we know more than we do illustrates D) allow people to decide for themselves whether they want to participate in an experiment. Answer: D 10. C) unconscious thought processes. A) neuroscience According to the hypothesis of biologist E.O. A) dependent The individual has the capacity and the strength to devise, quite unguided, the steps which will lead him to a more mature and more comfortable relationship to his reality. This perception affects their personality and leads them to direct their behaviour to satisfy the needs of the total self. A) biological psychologist. C) +0.25 Her lack of pain is probably the result of the release of However, disputation (D) would challengethe underlying assumptions or beliefs that have formed. B) evolution versus natural selection. The brain does not repair damaged neurons, BUT it can restore some functions. D) statistical significance. This viewpoint best illustrates the ________ perspective. The various modes of being-in-the-world were described by Swiss psychiatrist and early leader of existential psychology Ludwig Binswanger. Humanistic psychology acknowledges that the mind is strongly influenced by determining forces in society and the unconscious, and emphasizes the conscious capacity of individuals to develop personal competence and self-respect. B) dendrite, axon, cell body, synapse It was a response to the limitations in Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory and B.F. Skinner's behavioralism. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Aristotle suggested that a meal makes us sleepy by causing heat to collect around the? C) social-cultural The Humanistic Approach arose primarily in response to what some viewed as significant limitations in the behaviorist and psychoanalytic schools of thought. C) behavior is influenced by environmental conditions. B) antagonist. B) thalamus. All Rights Reserved. C) develop general principles that help explain behavior. It argues for the use of additional methods specifically designed to study qualitative factors such as subjective experience, emotion, perception, memory, values, and beliefs. B) psychodynamic Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior. Cognitive psychology is the study of mental processes such as attention, memory, perception, language use,problem solving, creativity, and thinking. B) intuition. D) overconfidence. According to this approach, it is much more important to understand what patients are feeling and how they are feeling rather than to identify what is causing their feelings. Moruzzi and Magoun caused a cat to lapse into a coma by severing neural connections between the cortex and the Instead of viewing religion as a delusion and a crutch, as did Freud, they might identify the mechanisms through which a spiritual practice like meditation enhances mental and physical health. B) independent Evolutionary psychology is founded on several core premises: Evolutionary psychologists sometimes present their approach as potentially unifying, or providing a foundation for, all other work that aims to explain human behaviour (Tooby & Cosmides, 1992). Humanistic psychologists look at human behavior notonly through the eyes of the observer, but through the eyes of the person doingthe behaving. B) cerebellum. C) EEG. D) disrupt a neuron's all-or-none firing pattern. Akira believes that her son has become a good student because she always praises his learning efforts. B) a lesion. B) cerebellum. Cognitive psychology is the study of mental processes such as attention, memory, perception, language use, problem solving, creativity, and thinking. C) reticular formation. A) industrial-organizational psychologists B) limbic system. While behaviorism sees human beings as the manifestation of an easily trained and determined set of behaviors, humanistic psychology aims to look at the individual as a whole. Harlowstheory (1950) was based on studies of primate behaviour when solving puzzles. B) counseling psychologist. D) MRI. C) mean B) negatively correlated. D) thalamus of a human. Markdown rate is 30 percent. C) experimentation. A) ACh. Humanistic psychologists focused attention on the importance of people's potential for healthy growth by viewing growth and development from the individual's point of view. During this time, scientists believed in two main drives powering human behaviour:the biological drive, including hunger, thirst, and intimacy; and the reward-punishment drive. However, it is not necessary to think of these threeschools of thoughtas competing elements. If Dr. Rogers wishes to conduct an experiment on the effects of stimulating the reward centers of a rat's brain, he should insert an electrode into the C) hippocampus. 2. All rights reserved. B) normal curve. (what?). 0 42 . A) social Human psychology consists of many specialized mechanisms, each sensitive to different classes of information or inputs. Become a Study.com member to unlock this answer! D) reproduction; emotion. What are some of the values and beliefs communicated in your family or group? The peripheral nervous system consists of State the primary interest of developmental psychologists. The psychodynamic perspective is derived from [{Blank}] theory. Which process would best enable her to assess the reliability of these findings? Explore definitions and characteristics of the different fields or branches of psychology. B) naturalistic observation. Long and belonging needs: Friendship, family, sexual intimacy. D) MRI. Differentiate humanistic psychology from biological, psychodynamic, and behaviourist psychology. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. B) the double-blind procedure. In H. Barkow, L. Cosmides & J. Tooby (Eds. 15.1 Social Cognition: Making Sense of Ourselves and Others, 15.2 Interacting With Others: Helping, Hurting, and Conforming, 15.3 Working With Others: The Costs and Benefits of Social Groups, 16.3 Stress, Health, and Coping in the Workplace, Chapter 2. Conduct a cultural analysis of your family, cohort, or social group. 10+ million students use Quizplus to study and prepare for their homework, quizzes and exams through 20m+ questions in 300k quizzes. C) hypothalamus. In a resting state, the axon is Why is that? D) dopamine agonist. It was suggested that the productivity gain occurred as a result of the motivational effect on the workers of the interest being shown in them. Modern conceptions of memory typically break it down into three main subclasses: Perception involves both the physical senses (sight, smell, hearing, taste, touch, and proprioception) as well as the cognitive processes involved in selecting and interpreting those senses. Verywell Mind content is rigorously reviewed by a team of qualified and experienced fact checkers. Verywell Mind uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles.