It is also found in low-lying swampy areas, along the margins of lakes and on river banks. The timber is used to make poles and posts. It often forms pure, dense stands of closed woodland in seasonally flooded areas on alluvial soils. In addition 30 species of larger moths have been recorded as feeding on this tree. Attracting Birds to your Garden in southern Africa. The fever tree is an attractive, semi-deciduous to deciduous tree approximately 15 to 25 meters tall and has an open, rounded to spreading or flattish crown which is sparsely foliated. The species name xanthophloea is derived from the greek words xanthos meaning yellow andphloios meaning bark. It is also used in making candles, inks, matches, and paints. A fast-growing tree with luxuriant growth, this attractively shaped Acacia is one of the largest and has white, papery, cork-like bark. The common name, fever tree, comes from its tendency to grow in swampy areas: early European settlers in the region noted that malarial fever was contracted in areas with these trees. On the whole this is true. The pale brown pods contain 5-10 elliptical, flattened green seeds and are 5–19 cm (2.0–7.5 in) long, straight, flat and rather papery, the segments are mostly longer than they are wide, often breaking up to form small clusters of segments each containing an individual seed. Seed and young growing plants are available at selected seed stockists and nurseries respectively. Acacia karroo (= Vachellia karroo) is a very hardy, semi-deciduous, fast-growing and drought-resistant tree. (Fabaceae Mimosoideae) in Africa, including new combinations of Vachellia and Senegalia. Common names: Umbrella Thorn, Umbrella Acacia, Curly-pod Acacia, Israeli babool, Haak-en-steek. Previous Names: Acacia maras, Acacia spirocarpoides, Acacia litakunensis. It is difficult to tell apart from Vachellia nilotica subsp. Vachellia refers to George Harvey Vachell (1789 – 1839), chaplain to the British East India Company in Macoa, who collected plants in China ; sieberiana is named for Franz Sieber (1789-1844), a Bohemian botanist, traveller and plant collector. Rather use as a feature tree in a big garden. Seed can be sown in seedling trays using a well drained seedling medium and then covered lightly. The fever tree is relatively easy to propagate. [3] The gum is part of the diet of the Senegal bushbaby (Gallinago senegalensis) especially in the dry season. WRA Specialist. The gum from the bark is used for printing and dyeing calico, as a sizing material for cotton and silks, and for paper manufacturing. The complete field guide to Trees of Natal, Zululand & Transkei. Available in 50L , 100L and 450L. The leaves are twice compound, with small leaflets (8 mm × 2 mm (0.3 in × 0.1 in)). 408 2012. Vachellia seyal is an evergreen Tree growing to 10 m (32ft) by 12 m (39ft) at a fast rate. The bark, root and resin of Acacia xanthophloea are produced to make incense for … The flowers are pollinated by Bees. The improvement in soil structure was also associated with increased drainage, especially during wet periods. The roots and powdered bark of the stem are used as an emetic and as a prophylactic against malaria. Briza: Pretoria. Van Wyk, B, & van Wyk, P. 1997 Field Guide to Trees of Southern Africa. This species of Vachellia is native to eastern and southern Africa (Botswana, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Somalia, South Africa, Eswatini, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe). They are frost and drought tolerant. (Pea, bean or legume family). Bark from this tree and four other herbs including Silene capensis (African dream root) and Synaptolepis kirkii are boiled into a brew. The species name xanthophloea is derived from the greek words xanthos meaning yellow andphloios meaning bark. It occurs rarely in extreme south Florida and has been found as a likely storm-deposited waif in a couple of areas on the west coast of FL. Acacia is basically a plant-it-and-forget-it type of tree, although a young tree may need protection from wildlife while it develops its defense system. World Agroforestry Centre. Insects such as bees are attracted by the yellow colour and sweet scent of the flowers and perform a pollination role. Fever tree (Vachellia xanthophloea) – fever trees with their lime green bark make for a popular street tree. Andrew Hankey & Marc SternWitwatersrand National Botanical GardenMarch 2002, SA Distribution: KwaZulu-Natal, Limpopo, Mpumalanga. When the seedlings reach the two-leaf stage (approx. This tree can tolerate moderate frost and can often be seen in cultivation in the cooler areas on the highveld such as certain parts of Johannesburg and Pretoria. Quick View; Forest elder / Bosvlier ... Heteropyxis natalensis is an ideal tree for home gardens – a good focal point. Vachellia xanthophloea is often planted as a source of firewood, but its gummy sap leaves a thick, black, tarlike residue when burnt. [3], Fever trees are fast growing and short lived. Vachellia seyal is an evergreen Tree growing to 10 m (32ft) by 12 m (39ft) at a fast rate. Armillaria isolates were made from plantations of Pinus spp. It bears cream-coloured, honey-scented, showy spikes for flowers which like the new leaves are purple before they open in Spring and early Summer. Despite its frequent use and beautiful colouration, we would advise owners of small gardens to avoid the temptation to plant it and rather consider smaller species with less aggressive root systems. Growing to a height of approximately 5 m in an urban setting, the tree can reach up to 12 m in the wild. This is because mosquitos often lay eggs in moist swampy areas, and they need blood to do that. ... 6 comments on “Vachellia xanthophloea” Glenice Ebedes says: 8th January 2020 at 4:33 pm Hi Cavill. Combretum adenogonium, Vachellia xanthophloea, and Faidherbia albida are abundant trees in the park and are found across a moisture gradient. Flourish! However, all trees with tap roots also have a network of sub-surface roots, some larger than others, that are utilized for water and nutrient supplies. Due to its extensive and deep root system, the tree is used in reforestation project. For more information go to Plantzafrica Vachellia xanthophloea, Fever-tree, Koorsboom. Glenice Login to add your Comment During the first year, the tree benefits from an orchid fertilizer every three to four weeks. 188. The Fever Tree (Vachellia xanthophloea): This tree grows 12–15m tall, with an 8–10m wide spread, so it’s perfect for gardens with lots of room. Its contrasting bark, feathery foliage, and architectural attributes make it an eye-catcher and thus suitable as a focal point in a landscape. It is a shrub or small to medium-sized tree which grows to height of 12m. Before going to sleep a question is asked that will be answered in their dreams. (Vachellia xanthophloea) The indigenous Fever Tree (Vachellia xanthophloea) is an incredibly striking tree. Suitable for: medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils, prefers well-drained soil and can grow in heavy clay soil. Struik: Cape Town. Badroodien said fever trees had smooth, slightly flaky, greenish-yellow bark coated in … Monkeys and grey louries also eat the flowers. [10], Vachellia xanthophloea are planted next to dams and streams on farms to control soil erosion, as a live fence or hedge and in ornamental planting for shade and shelter in amenity areas. They therefore associated the fever with the tree. A fast growth rate of approximately 1.5 m per year under ideal conditions make this plant a good candidate for gardeners and landscapers who want quick results. Flowering occurs from August or September to November. A water stress treatment showed that seedlings of C. adenogonium may be least affected by future drought, and V. xanthophloea may be able to adapt to drought by maintaining root biomass even as aboveground growth decreases. Isolates were also made of A. heimii from Pinus elliottii in South Africa, Pelargonium asperum in Réunion, Tectona grandis in Zambia, and an unknown species in Zimbabwe and Cameroon. They do require mulch at the base in winter to protect them. The Acacia xanthophloea or Fever Tree is a popular landscaping tree, with many features that make it both a useful and beautiful addition to various urban environments.This semi-deciduous to deciduous tree can reach up to 25m in the wild and it is often known for its unique lime green bark, making it popular as a feature tree. For other uses, see, "Phylogenetic position and revised classification of, "The Macrolepidoptera Fauna of Acacia in the Kenyan Rift Valley (Part 1)", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vachellia_xanthophloea&oldid=984934213, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 22 October 2020, at 23:47. Affected are mainly camphor trees (cinnamomum camphora) and fever trees (vachellia xanthophloea). This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions. Vachellia – named after George H. Vachell (1789 – 1839), chaplain and plant collector in China. Due to its mature dimensions it is recommended not to plant it close to buildings. PDF | Climate change, typified by drought, floods and rising temperatures continue to affect biodiversity in the world. [3], In Australia, Vachellia xanthophlea is a prohibited invasive plant in the state of Queensland under the Biosecurity Act 2014, under which it must not be given away, sold, or released into the environment without a permit. The genus name Vachellia is named a after George Harvey Vachell (1789 – 1839), chaplain to the British East India Company in Macoa, who collected plants in China. These individuals are hugely dependent on this plant for their building materials, fodder and day-to-day fuel. The trees grow to a height of 15–25 m (49–82 ft). adstringens without examining the seed pods. The nitrogen fixing bacteria in the root nodules of Acacia xanthphloea help to enrich the soil around the tree with nitrogen which benefits any plants that grow in close proximity to the tree. In seasonally flooded areas it often forms dense single species stands. Young twigs have a red-brown bark which peels off leaving the twigs sulphur yellow. Medicinally, the roots and a powder made from bark stripped from the trunk are used as an emetic and as a prophylactic against malaria. "[13], This tree has been used for thousands of years by African tribes as a divination tool. Early pioneers thought that this tree caused a fever since people travelling … The fragrant yellow flowers open in Spring and smell like vanilla which attracts insects and insectivorous birds. Suitable pH: acid, neutral and basic (alkaline) soils and can grow in very acid and saline soils. Vachellia karroo, commonly known as the Sweet thorn, is a species of acacia, native to southern Africa from southern Angola east to Mozambique, and south to South Africa.. 404 2012. Kyalangalilwa B, et al. Personal Communication. Previously known as Acacia xanthophloea, this is a semi-deciduous to deciduous tree with an open rounded to spreading crown. Although so far, it has only been found in a few gardens and not in the "wild". Acacia xanthophloea has an aggressive root system and needs ample water. These plants have a capitate inflorescence and stipules that are spinescent. The fever tree is an exceptionally attractive tree and is often used to decorate gardens and urban landscapes. Click here to register. Flowers are followed by the production of yellowish-brown to brown pods which split open to reveal the small hard brown seeds, which may be harvested from January to April. The act further requires that all sightings of Vachellia xanthophlea are to be reported to the appropriate authorities within 24 hours and that within Queensland everyone is obliged to take all reasonable and practical steps to minimise the risk of Vachellia xanthophlea spreading until they have received advice from an authorised officer. Vachellia xanthophloea. Young branches and leaves are eaten by elephant and the leaves and pods are eaten by giraffe and vervet monkeys. If you have it, enjoy it. It was the swampy conditions that caused the malaria. They flower from Septemb Personal Communication. Acacia xanthophloea serves as a source of income for people located in rural areas. The attractive Bladder-nut is an evergreen shrub or small However, these kinds of trees, like all Vachellia species, have slightly invasive root systems. E 1993. The flowers are used for foraging by bees and provides favoured nesting sites for birds. It is popular as a container plant and as a bonsai. It is hardy to zone (UK) 10. It is hardy to zone (UK) 10. Rather use as a feature tree in a big garden. Family: Fabaceae or Leguminosae. Phylogenetic position and revised classification of Acacia s.l. It has an aggressive and invasive root system and should therefore not be planted near buildings, swimming pools, drainage or sewerage systems. Vachellia xanthophloea (Fabaceae) Page 3 of 6. The roots and powdered bark of the stem are used as an emetic and as a prophylactic against malaria. The flowers are produced in scented pale cream spherical inflorescences, clustered at the nodes and towards the ends of the branches. Whether this magnificent tree is used as a focal point in the landscape or planted in a group or as an avenue, the effect is always absolutely breathtaking. It can flower up to 6 times a year. Plant it 6 … Early pioneers thought that this tree caused a fever since people travelling or living in the areas where it grew contracted a badfever. Suitable for: medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils, prefers well-drained soil and can grow in heavy clay soil. Vachellia xanthophloea is a tree in the family Fabaceae, commonly known in English as the fever tree. Because it is such a lovely shade tree and is fast growing, it is suitable for large gardens. They are frost and drought tolerant. 404 2012. The characteristic, almost luminous, lime green to greenish-yellowbark is smooth, slightly flaking, and coated in a yellow powdery substance described by some as sulphurous. Acacia is basically a plant-it-and-forget-it type of tree, although a young tree may need protection from wildlife while it develops its defense system. Not registered yet? These trees, like all Vachellia species, do have slightly invasive root systems. Vachellia – named after George H. Vachell (1789 – 1839), chaplain and plant collector in China. It was originally thought that the tree caused malaria, hence it's common name. It is also used as a hedge plant and as fire breaks. It is not listed as being a threatened species. Acacia/Vachellia xanthophloea Fever Tree. It is a prominent feature in the lowveld region of South Africa. Vachellia sieberiana grows a horizontally spreading root system which helps to anchor the tree. However, these kinds of trees, like all Vachellia species, have slightly invasive root systems. Like other acacias and Fabaceae it is a nitrogen fixer, so improves soil fertility. It can fix Nitrogen. It has also become a landscape tree in other warm climates, outside of its natural range. Rhizobium possesses the enzyme systems (including nitrogenase enzyme complex) that convert atmospheric nitrogen to nitrogen compounds useful to plants [ 41, 42 ]. This causes the seeds to swell and usually by the next morning they are ready to be sown. Vachellia xanthophloea is a tree in the family Fabaceae, commonly known in English as the fever tree. Straight, white spines grow from the branch nodes in pairs. [3], The leaves and pods are used to provide food for livestock while the young branches and foliage are eaten by African elephants while giraffe and vervet monkeys eat the pods and leaves. All Vachellias have a tap root so the automatic assumption is that their roots are therefore not invasive. [12], These trees are immortalized by Rudyard Kipling in one of his Just So Stories, "The Elephant's Child", wherein he repeatedly refers to "the great grey-green, greasy Limpopo River, all set about with fever-trees. The long straight white thorns are arranged in pairs and although they are very significant on young trees they often become barely noticeable on mature specimens. [3], A fever tree planted outside of its natural range at Ilanda Wilds, "Fever tree" redirects here. This tree can be found from Kenya in the north to KwaZulu-Natal in the south. However, these kinds of trees, like all Vachellia species, have slightly invasive root systems. The Fever tree (Vachellia xanthophloea), with its lime green bark makes for a popular street tree. Previously known as Acacia xanthophloea, this is a semi-deciduous to deciduous tree with an open rounded to spreading crown. If the powdery surface is rubbed away with the finger it will reveal a green bark beneath. Before sowing, the seed should be soaked in hot water overnight. Tech support scams are an industry-wide issue where scammers trick you into paying for unnecessary technical support services. This tree is popular amongst birds for nest building as the thorns add extra protection against predators such as snakes. After the Orchidaceae and the Asteraceae, the Fabaceae is the third largest Angiosperm (flowering plants) family with 700+ genera and close to 20 000 species. Agroforestry tree database - Acacia xanthophloea. Vachellia xanthophloea (Fabaceae) Page 3 of 6. The genus name Vachellia is named a after George Harvey Vachell (1789 – 1839), chaplain to the British East India Company in Macoa, who collected plants in China. The fever tree occurs mainly in depressions and shallow pans where underground water is present or surface water collects after summer rains. [3] It is one of the few trees where photosynthesis takes place in the bark. Vachellia xanthophloea belongs to the pod bearing family Fabaceae. [4][5][6][7], The name xanthophloea is derived from Greek and means "yellow bark" (ξανθός "yellow, golden"; φλοιός "bark"). Full sun Grow up to 15-25m tall Most soils are adequate How to grow: Keep the tree away from permanent structures as the roots system in very invasive. As the pods mature they change colour from green to pale greyish brown. You can help protect yourself from scammers by verifying that the contact is a Microsoft Agent or Microsoft Employee and that the phone number is an official Microsoft global customer service number. There is a very rare species, Vachellia macranthera, occasionally cultivated. Agroforestry tree database - Acacia xanthophloea. They do require mulch at the base in winter to protect them. Growing to approximately 15-25 metres in height, it is a prominent feature in the South African lowveld, and can be found from Kenya all the way down south to KwaZulu-Na tal. It doesn’t get too big and the root system is non-invasive. Thus through these early settlers the myth was born and the plant acquired its name as the fever tree. Venter, F & Venter J. They flower from Septemb This tree was previously called Acacia xanthophloea. Fever Tree (Vachellia xanthophloea) The indigenous Fever Tree (Vachellia xanthophloea) is an incredibly striking tree.Growing to approximately 15-25 metres in height, it is a prominent feature in the South African lowveld, and can be found from Kenya all the way down south to KwaZulu-Na tal.. [11] It is also a "declared pest" in Western Australia. 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