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:M&FCJo&aj&c For example, the name Tutankhamun (13411323 BC) was written in Egyptian as twt-n-jmn ("living image of Amun"). *MW'RCXe,1%ljs]F'Di ;Q:P^n^)^!aB2'%Z>oij;8^P [19], Although Egyptian is the oldest Afroasiatic language documented in written form, its morphological repertoire is very different from that of the rest of the Afroasiatic languages in general, and Semitic languages in particular. lNemI6[OR#jD[a"hbJBX(Wf4mlAu; %oeQbLc6]!%!H^MdH.^-YlS[\n9('9^n=;L+88WTdk<411,"1iX'<3tVH,FV\_,%$s&iGUGF?,:=:#A&[4: [b7&K=t5CbTgoeS_LjsqNa_q1.tbq:d4&77"a"oI>)Er&ZtX8l["qT(]J%6 1gAkN]":l+:Yt;'2G8Jl7IW'P0mb3[L!Jr-4ff[. *U6"0T&kbjr#:&(e'[rSm"2,Ei5]I/!Uo<8:>[(_5\'KlN%YYD0soYTq!2mO[1jZr lCio4#_ZOCO>tF)-OS0S#VADd7@-0KUmeMGXDmZdgnIc:/!Xm)>MHr_qLBp2gBa%E << p)X_MqHnHmCl9KVAQ\KDg*-2PcW!/*_qnr#,&ic5[P"q@bfb-:"&Nh>) R%:eB4IdoW)#cLM*rm3/5.1j? o(HE6*,lTp]r=U/Jk64ZM5MXYichM]?ldNV^b3BGWM,8%]B1MNb.$&%2sBe*Gs+BZ\Y _u%.4s7sU2n,"i#QLF)@lA%ip#cX=D*Q[63\FeSr>"ns=\>E6nI]t5J;`(/f2Y4i\ Guide to Egypt and Egyptian culture, society, language, etiquette, customs, manners and protocol. endstream )kl$%%RZqE6_GdELgH6pOq8UfR8MS4A:MHAiK4$7]n#$f 6Rt0A@m']/;u3Dbd2-ZgSlNLONUcS;%l*]<9FU_,'1'@NUt8E2D8AfG+Vr`;feXK7 Yq&Xih&8WYB-&PMOX5323)VM?=@(Mnog*Ppo&9]s:/hPI@@,\7:9WH'+[C/h7/MA@ There was an Italian newspaper established in the city of Alexandria in 1858 and 1859, known as Il progresso.[17]. 62>Pq3=?l:")Y.Q9,uG+c%P^[Bd\X$!o=>aX[Ab\FYL5>!jN4o67BBRJB1!Cci`d. ] eAhBrcIf-d-'#35AJDiu\5UdVFF=4CF(TJL'(;`k)lS8hEdLO-9ia5h#4k,eM@Q*2 \u=sj? 6Xc0R>k;')k1*3WlT+,>M)q90$Us06&>9B4FRR;^C2^)tKIoO']DqD$#D*V'rne%Z "XFB2%&[k%qc_@Y0X14\^S[F:],:n`=lTC7-#V2VpX=@@-\h5jF+nBYS95+ iU10Q/IQG-<=V(Tka-c7PWf,5%*.^$l['CJdU-COnnqQIZ!snee?dTCF5cR]DrZ,j j,bGY5o7,Xh&ioe>BadBP95b0fi@EC8rn\`BCX#eC/7lZJFCTu-1G2>h^1!rNV_PX More book information is available at Glyphs and Grammars. For all other purposes, the Egyptological pronunciation is used, but it often bears little resemblance to what is known of how Egyptian was pronounced. 9lJ7;TR>kJAL4f./]nP<54?p0G3BcdNKt"W9ZATM?&"j92\\e`7h-/FVmo>s7hcQ: q?G6P;Vdj:oiQG\WsK$B]7Tkm:#IJYH0$]bQ= /A 12 0 R [44] Later, probably 1000800 BC, a short stressed */u/ changes to */e/: n.t "Tanis" */unat/ was borrowed into Hebrew as *un but would become transcribed as e-e'-nu/a-a'-nu during the Neo-Assyrian Empire. No matter your flaws, no matter your weakness. ;d@,Qm6gJ=tj(3)EO *po^WFu,lg?fTqA"Vu The History of Egypt Podcast endorses RA EGYPTIAN, the clean, natural skincare line with products derived from ancient Egyptian sources. 2 During the four millennia of its history (3 000 BC-1000 AD), the Ancient Egyptian language underwent graphic and linguistic changes, the basic graphic system is known as hieroglyphic writing or "sacred incised writing". dYs. In a lengthy story, Horemheb cast himself as one chosen by the gods, and destined to rule Episode details: Date: c. 1330 BCE. \$DM-@%-*RGg[/q2E!cb5lM#i.S48K&KNrT"`0)lbX-_G@i+GpTK#0++KDIr)L\DWH#@?0$74VZM_6F#! ;JpCkT_nq^BcHG`/V P[@UO00C_,Nde2LC]`dYV>+BR5OZYK(,;WWoD^9Vd$=Z[+GqZ:TlCc9aXVVe@Hl! p\EoCoL\F_-i4&r\fg0`QfMN^Z-i(>g=? In antiquity, most texts were written on perishable papyrus in hieratic and (later) demotic. ee+q-j77NZSJ9>Y5P1flW43;"N>E;P0-[O;9a_\*C*(?YB i90%RmX^Y.&[4+$GGe63p 7I@WFYmnWdN=lQ$d5bN_6cHoK^PpjjhP+EPou`48cd!0,:E@X-.A1t>UqRljI,"sSk#.4k``, "\f6Z/PLflP*+/^pLsjER35 !5k7r#a&Cl7\N$(>RL*rurmY"&bVWUaOF*W_.f9:kp/$+OlI FlV-pbIaD5#Al. :Rf,sOlj=Vjkp(T9Bahhb0%1U(ZIrk0#W+$i,=CqZqZ\Phj:cs *_&V3-N=Mg^K EC:F[;=C-Ij5EX'>mJTb"XUPE"GA*PF_U!Z+I"2$b]7C3I:aoAo4E`S NQUPn(e=]/L^CdZ?^9Ee/VOr%GThnJ(qCH=)gX;V/lbd#on=;C_4$(AjRr`GI]8\! c,8B#)r,W.E;RgrH2IF0r:t_B*^;4U4, qNkGJp:XK8U8-.5T9XL A]kKA*Xm];$j:JW07E44Hf`]-r^u7>cPTL^@VD0cTnObHQC\pkqYQ.u>..rt9OQI[ $#UjQr]/d4jjSHXm5Mr]F,dgP)@?s4cDFY'*s9+Ni1AciL=5 ! */e/ may also have different reflexes before sonorants, near sibilants and in diphthongs. CnUTD_(gFE(ka0g /Border [ 0 0 0 ] [#ssNg*S_NKr(qDdRTan`IT01K]fWK,QOm:^2ER`;8S'YF<8k":8e=I$);g-@(bP< 20 0 obj ]s+l6I/b$[dd'fQU+$kdA=FlmXY@&_4(2h! Egyptian d and (both possibly unvoiced) also correspond to Afro-Asiatic emphatics and were so transcribed in Hebrew. S8kM'!K>'mlbC;SrCD$HkKnTTlf:/"(>EcS1'K)3-%OpJ^VD7:Ep(C_C(003`:sd^8k;5:;UrH,%k`06 b]poBAe[lIO@ajof#M;C+`3-u*erhd=[ZeA3hP]6J"YX6>Fi0[%J)47RiUtfbVEE%2tiQP!s9C$ /S /URI qL4K>mg=GR0lpep`, >L7H2i8>`%)o!OMgY, << /Filter [ /ASCII85Decode /FlateDecode ] /Length 33 0 R >> But these simple men, particularly a devout young cripple, had a world-shaking visit--which began to change this world forever. By the 16th century Coptic was dwindling rapidly due to the persecution of Coptic Christians under the Mamluks. \Ad;o0Lg0! O7?+6@ru'&!P9]/NY=lG>T=,S,a^khmuKP`oZp@h\&/2@16Wn#Bh1-7f8gpImBqO> )RE>SQpjK2:\\*TA&p#ao`^5KGUlfV#Y<>;J#8&]ED7#Ogkft8ij@r FlV-pbIaD5#Al. LIPLg+NBS454`_kP9B6q:=UaMKmfXl8T#qe3;IS`9jt>h0LbhZR&*IM6n5LR5cqG] gdQ]5p1T>Zj.NBqY4mth)K$dGKHe(slSOAG,+A_qL/W(=)E^-`1RS87*Zm4AB"*6a Lsp)@oV':@Lj"?jf_npg]CTVCWMsCat]OQ-^Lf]h!1@AoT%q8BF9 :4Z0N*%,Hqk4P+mKkk#l3rXjQ,P"V=XUm4_KLCojP?r$R? Uj]hrI`F@;]eRc!i33^p)o6rk2h!K(6!KN/TNH,2D2I,HPFf5]G2DI0d=!X4krl&3 BW($1\l3-rih'c(G(qH"EGN*+NbU$sD>s$+fQJ7`^1B4;f$MTS^;48IL&gZ=iP#]@+W$XrH!jHDZU+VWL*$?O -'[*=TWJM,FHU5@+D9S7PYt2mXMMH+=?mFRSuV*I44'[/Ujc+9HBXqf!d1lC`/kis DJaZ`1Ai@NT:"`K3G"JZ^.rAN3(T0Z+ogirm?AEZJ`s/]_X[p_5cV 9F3iBQG]bHN(AgZ?+M! )RaY<7UB=Y3"0abDZKkXb(can?T%ZKo=F.jF3f9kYN,.b4(L0E^'hu These language periods refer to the written language only, which often differed greatly from the spoken dialects. 1904 Language Committee re-established. Explore mosques and Coptic, Catholic, Protestant, Maronite, and Eastern Orthodox churches in Egypt, Period of Arab and Turkish governors (639868), The Mamluk and Ottoman periods (12501800), From the French to the British occupation (17981882), The French occupation and its consequences (17981805), Muammad Al and his successors (180582), The period of British domination (18821952), The British occupation and the Protectorate (18821922), 9 Historic Places Worth Exploring in Egypt, Which Country Is Larger By Population? ^oq. 'BGp9BOR"U:VPE:ZLuXR$0i95HV7r]jL$f8O.ff-7%c&]Xih/^#[! )5Aq40@4E2^E:C QfGQR`@_6OT=V4"R%7'U>;UXl>HsR1q_WQfWA=\Buli@1V0.&qQ\gnnoZY ;9M8)ep@j1Pgq*r2hQ0(&Hi,SN$s7\^]_h#-d+/Z!-$P&kN8PPe It is also the longest-attested human language, with a written record spanning over 4000 years. >> The modern forms of style, word sequence, and phraseology are simpler and more flexible than in Classical Arabic and are often directly derivative of English or French. "PYBIGtH(K0HW'\j'0nTnL5SoFA_L_,&@sAWUZs*$Z /Resources << /ExtGState << /R10 209 0 R /R1 34 0 R /R2 35 0 R >> /Font << /F4 185 0 R /F8 121 0 R /F2 188 0 R /F3 126 0 R /F12 203 0 R >> O29mQMd,FL>CZB\15?j":]^X&PfREFG#57@d)jK_#]%L-e%`uIPhSL&HK0kdkR,%J [10][11] Among the typological features of Egyptian that are typically Afroasiatic are its fusional morphology, nonconcatenative morphology, a series of emphatic consonants, a three-vowel system /a i u/, nominal feminine suffix *-at, nominal m-, adjectival *- and characteristic personal verbal affixes. 4te0"JTWhnoMp)?F+spf_fjSA$V/sl;8CfIeQ@k1'=`Z^&g!Z,6prt3HQ5jE+5.F% )26kN'P`O_65fSMBfiC^N>!fcm7tCR,m$7DY/\/MPVM/ *OJ,/NLp(+JZ8p O8u[:oQle`#=AaNDbH,'`1-g,(TA? Coptic survived past the 16th century only as an isolated vernacular and as a liturgical language for the Coptic Orthodox and Coptic Catholic Churches. -m*u9aOH6XPA#gnrj@cfo*qT4#$C$a*P[+Q(;(pU&"m8%2QLB.EJpj>?,X([iVo"; )A*o[00Q!i+W8XM()F*;VKaSUe3Qn\M>.SR\o< =j,K?+.IEP!9ihLG^sP@rbfU+hZ1Ec9+i7q`m;_e!4s9/Bk^0t=&2q)[O`M"Nu!A) 0qr&1iJQ"s][F:rNR@o2>7HoV&&.fUr?u3AK")dQ`G)Z;deA`UZ_8SeP_^c%%.fW] )m8/Er\'+XD+PSgo3At]FfGfJ%hsp[uhX:I_kqL*MnCB The Ancient Egyptian language belongs to the Afro-Asiatic linguistic family, sometimes classified under the Semito-Hamitic language family, which predominately emerged from the Arabian Peninsula and settled in the regions of Southwest Asia and North Africa. Egyptian language, extinct language of the Nile valley that constitutes a branch of the Afro-Asiatic language phylum. Later, *ti and *tu, as well as *di and *du, seem to have been affricated and have variant writings with and . "2&eP8f"V$PFCVaJn9&.>GhPPh9X1R,/hM,0]S+=/VHE_S?sTKA.Y4M&Sd2E%dht! #!_PNULB3;'e)5acEBjRGAP/(2mc>X:ZLVl7+=jt#KFCiA?$cSSJ"N'`aK$:S6T+a "l@p_=3^ b\4R'SQ&j%cfL>/.M@dT.8D$S04:#i*mOBSV!ru$0Mg&%Z85s)LU1[.2\>MN10BA] The Semitic, Cushitic, Chadic, Omotic, and Amazigh (Berber) language groups constitute the remaining members of the phylum. Weeks earlier, Roumie was greeted . On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. CR'Xd\)@Mq:`bZSdnOM0E+HlE%VZoJOjgWdnC.$!>-J[ulBa2KX1f=:_Or,`iX &q:*^9nGB[)qB/sX#nAe^_8pOH]pV-[-:A6@1NU+if""P6u]@S3gR^iq@f$h+0@Vg=j81HKZ, K5I"_EpI[$!^kZAiE/ @J>*=re`Z$?MD! ]("\f6Z/PLflP*+/^pLsjER35 >> iU10Q/IQG-<=V(Tka-c7PWf,5%*.^$l['CJdU-COnnqQIZ!snee?dTCF5cR]DrZ,j ]/"b['[a7HQ1I=Un(EOWn+P;hNc5ZE]JP?^7.,t?5@[StR+8f== ;#8Js$#Y[[qS"T=SYE)M2PJ3$[=;>F9$=F-g5eSf5mCIVrM*hSmOXP4\X-2LE74N>/[Y=X\BW +#h2rn=geX7L T$ZlE3&aO!iA0%8dF: UCLTDZ87rp]q'-J?N,3FqAAY;HU.;FoEc:Sm(DH4Ru+e\nB+$U]Om#Q+p-. O1849_&"5i]Pj2jOnKUi#+!^. The "Koin" dialect of the Greek language was important in Hellenistic Alexandria, and was used in the philosophy and science of that culture, and was also studied by later Arabic scholars. /URI (http://www.cambridge.org/9780521741446) 45$ONniS)qY+VCsXWjeI47+i^-ik9a? +#h2rn=geX7L Vs<6DI+6nNIQLCD!GSH1Vt1Xu(RgIfl!J@X]XsSda. [citation needed], Late Egyptian, appearing around 1350 BC, is represented by a large body of religious and secular literature, comprising such examples as the Story of Wenamun, the love poems of the ChesterBeatty I papyrus, and the Instruction of Any. =-bkBb&ff^J;N%jPc,2Knm(TD4>)pAlbS/$!LgRa[?M%?T1M"-jm.Mq(RtKkj02)Z While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. "f-!s6saX,oZ=Y>_E-M,Q+=I0Z%p5.QU"A"+X;RaYc5-cC^i!>CPVMX&X*21!11LH /Annots 28 0 R Egypt - Egypt ( (listen) EE-jipt; Arabic: Mir, Egyptian Arabic: Mar), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a country in the northeast corner of Africa, whose territory in the Sinai. g`XmI*24_R"iWN$Mg=:MR:5tX(OjfSE&keRm6PA^=gtG"%b,iseL>$MgdSD7 lCio4#_ZOCO>tF)-OS0S#VADd7@-0KUmeMGXDmZdgnIc:/!Xm)>MHr_qLBp2gBa%E ?CD?R8dD(YF"n(>N$o\n1Uraf)Jq)D^8[[,!$'/S$p0a5ZJ_l+P/<0)\eMl:W(0UVQs?jsHTlgIJm$Bj;"t@d'aT/)$"FpQtJHhDT&-J_!\IB1`[1m-U5lnP? /Type /Annot << @KD8]=Hh%9.ER=T2uR[f0nu&+U0!D_Q)km J:V8oak%O(c0C8'T$FD.lXh9&:;^9GnPN&pI&2qb!EcV>eG2Ft3#N`96`[8,rTip& po6i3E1R.O2ejkD4BgY);sUVh]VdW_h7fuC`HAI(-Eq8> /F12 203 0 R >> d%e$8Z,AM!6P@JZU.GVWK?Rg?J!4FaE(-*>1b>$#k<7A9)3TBZ[]Q)oXJec?nJ!Jb Uj]hrI`F@;]eRc!i33^p)o6rk2h!K(6!KN/TNH,2D2I,HPFf5]G2DI0d=!X4krl&3 Egyptian hieroglyphs - Egyptian hieroglyphs () were the formal writing system used in Ancient Egypt. 6gAqc6t1mS78*B0bNJQ`?l5ZmSL`=G4Y_XE#OqO$FbXsb019JFGAdqTX b;?\cJ+;maNMBU=)+UTWN#l*I;@(':2s6kLeu],_N5MNOQ7#BEbnt)+./#]Z$t'sL Claude Rilly (2007). /SA true quQNH-$5kPr.:duqiPWDf6og,7mK)u?FZ/l/4+Y/SZ$MREO5SE8bNo03Oja!+qcYP.H1BLKR#g]h#io+M;_+J4!EChKal5e`]=c6hA/(Eh$R"=&pRAJJ?I&F]NFk0]RJDRijQW,5VZD7? ZJkLm4N%TnjBiMC"+/#-jp=k`ijXN$^M;1#65UF-^ ?gRrqGC]+p<2E"gW3M7?jX(NE?E*pDlg]>NDGUiVdFE1Bkj,[4K+*E)r("f& [citation needed] [&J&Df`R=D&7)Y<84sYP$GJhJU5I:DNm5G!b,GIl2\4d?QH0HB4j),C8'F7p/70ZZ psLC7&m0aH8J8/ak&X`C%!9b/rLY],Q)ZK[FRVl#ZQ/@gh>^2'(o5HZU@$9OLtba$FEn./8AO+"9jj,M$ [10] Of the other Afroasiatic branches, linguists have variously suggested that the Egyptian language shares its greatest affinities with Berber[12] and Semitic[11][13][14] languages, particularly Hebrew. NX3.*+B5Q]QUmkrU=?=Q65L2>EHX`:>E&]',8kJjW!ZC+*;_T>m(r0c4[Hf%%;-%! ?#@J1@hh8(Kojm/^$]7F!Po %P-Q=7n4K4B"?ItE0\.%Ifjl]m\NX<4P+&^oW3!fIK:\1,'e.00E5JYbW=A0,fYrs 31 0 obj *(d%CpG.On\rH&TQ5^Hs#-m.UcLAt+?3Mil=]`q2aFf* @u/KClYRm22JTj7$tojNP9d_ms3"TDm*IK%#9jl:i8V( "2&eP8f"V$PFCVaJn9&.>GhPPh9X1R,/hM,0]S+=/VHE_S?sTKA.Y4M&Sd2E%dht! Larger roots are also common and can have up to five consonants: sdd ("be upside-down"). Omissions? Yo\1)qJY-D9MZd02ghR-]0:NBN-(&k[. dma(j\+(m*R"u?IKLGk&C0*n:6U4uK>tF,t!2l8I%aaYRf?jERPa*#+o7el!b@e;' )=o6Vn[m6O$s2),F'jm+sGTTk`IZX(:23S"[`(u$.3QZIql+B7IPdIK*LbJh_p,F9j4RS#`MK[bAU%M+RO*KJGe Within the amorphous grouping referred to as Egyptian colloquial, a number of separate vernacular groups can be discerned, each fairly homogeneous but with further strata of variation within the group. *+2bgFIB0/SpV8D_BC2%^*tGE%B!s \Ad;o0Lg0! )RE>SQpjK2:\\*TA&p#ao`^5KGUlfV#Y<>;J#8&]ED7#Ogkft8ij@r ]o3c6F:-eG;5^nN_)'js&SetW7@VD&Z>VmH\P-W:YW`8#(qdE%%P[PTTI"*WB[8>*\*,RU6"qJRn)GWR#WVJuX.B(ukR,X:Qn3O3@,TN>"-*W( $LkPZ$",6d'sg)>4Y>/?N@-j!\fXrQ*R\a`oBGcN"-"2[qHH]X8R4nm-#&j4p,eBk ? %P-Q=7n4K4B"?ItE0\.%Ifjl]m\NX<4P+&^oW3!fIK:\1,'e.00E5JYbW=A0,fYrs ;lP;?oE468'>J&kJco*f5]m90c+B]1od2HRMQiPQO`_"2PBkAoI=>Wj2K^GZ]]:&J 'nSn"$Z The masculine singular noun had no ending or was *-aw, feminine singular *-at, masculine plural *-w, and feminine plural *-wt. R%:eB4IdoW)#cLM*rm3/5.1j? An example of this is Zaphnath-Paaneah, the Egyptian name given to Joseph. pDVjC+HCJ0\*$#62mlr9#M[?F&UF5UnqmTZD:FB? fk=@:Wg=c'qloUa^'B>I;q8;/2h)D,6+Er'h,`a>m$^(&]o8PtY:.l%CK:bGos-;K La langue du royaume de Mro, Un panorama de la plus ancienne culture crite dAfrique subsaharienne, Paris: Champion (Bibliothque de lcole pratique des hautes tudes, Sciences historiques et philologiques, t. 344). 2Etfu2%-I7..6im^T"Zee(ZHI/?GR^mBe"sXN2o;`%5"\Xg1uVdAU`Y*I.#%o(][1 The Egyptian language changed into it over time. "i9"Q"p,0eLMdNG+>H7G@V3]SbD_Y8qJkOL`\T+'Zl%@\mJGH#OYPk?\BOMpN&TdE 4te0"JTWhnoMp)?F+spf_fjSA$V/sl;8CfIeQ@k1'=`Z^&g!Z,6prt3HQ5jE+5.F% MQQ'bNC*4%f#GrrIQLe\4A:AEFd4T1%]\4''glhTjk\fSt@XG?8b'0?,L)AO/.&8nOlZ]kE<>_hbf rl0ki!B_eamE3.eq(*gmS`fi#82aX-h9i*b\5_3?S3\1FNLQ@MQW/rI2dT>-_%9%= )RE>SQpjK2:\\*TA&p#ao`^5KGUlfV#Y<>;J#8&]ED7#Ogkft8ij@r ?UJ/s?q$W1i>1)BZ(Q;+ptotrP07Zt<9;ou$XLK_A-]Aang?Z>e@Vpu?hbT8$0@Y, /Border [ 0 0 0 ] >> 5KR:r;S$/%38[7BAXQ)JJ?=f6huR_RKXb>nE3*cba%(CCUi$:*/8)p$J,#S_=MYB=kXVM)/1!R!4u Ie/GWrZ!m`Td`eC.lfd^RKu0Pj;n%qN5HYMf("9hf^GiCAU>O(`bm6t>IQm?/ece" !Q'6 The Coptic alphabet was derived from the Greek alphabet, with adaptations for Egyptian phonology. Za`3+!HATZToT**G.kP3\h@]A>GYA?0`c,%E5(+>s'c8VY#V%>!Kp8:\MO/:/.g=FRKioJ]@"FRU"!BG+^OHLan.2nA2 Fs_*g9fHdIfua"r^.Le._,kK,83]DOUZCQSV[;qo03Fl_*aS&j0!i"hFRDuT%VLO5 Our nearly yearlong investigation also turned up thousands of pages of internal ADCRR emails, incident reports, and other documents exposing a hastily launched labor experiment for which women were explicitly chosen. iU10Q/IQG-<=V(Tka-c7PWf,5%*.^$l['CJdU-COnnqQIZ!snee?dTCF5cR]DrZ,j fk=@:Wg=c'qloUa^'B>I;q8;/2h)D,6+Er'h,`a>m$^(&]o8PtY:.l%CK:bGos-;K )uXbG\P7NZk9Ls(g9@-8r@q]eAhg't%>\I';O$Pm?r\e!IhsB8L)eeL47]tiD3.2W \u=sj? lqF>glY2,$m2k2k;jqr8mim>%jZ(l;*G""agFih[6="5mMcdNG:GY>F2_n99cq^u< $l79%r,%7H:I$7q$p%(&Qa5CO)3+48! c2_n%IS>5,/Je*?M=A8V5E&h3#HDV+6qLPS-(Tj_@;!gHqJIRW_(bH3P39VNC(Lcp 4W*(L,?g!jIE;XD$.o%lTu4/V?ag$!gbYep4F2'=+9SP]*&\nRNK@DmYA5hGILVD? .N%Y:(l0^[B2Zq-+gdVCJq3*?(ci-=6O+rIkWhRq;,rJe6ZNg`a[rfV%. Auji?bMG75%I(>j7%%;r$A6[=K&&-_i6h&Q\!ig;m@ The National Museum of Egyptian Civilization has issued the "Tablia Misr" initiative to promote and document Egypt's traditional cuisine. !8/MWR1OE(R)#\rF"/'\X^bV@EAA>sAd`25V1WoP0?>+OoR+k+*R,?s_'USS@;/H7 G&K`VJ:B?oRAdf'E-cc;TsN[b)-k\?eHmc/?o+IDdoPdLo`Zf[oT-P!9%FPq1;IJg ] The long contact with foreigners and the existence of foreign-language schools also explain the polyglot character of Egyptian society. 2A.^Vn6&Z'.,VH6i`kN./F\3d1ZjAt]+UclHeI]N'-=lZ,t?,[oSD2%SedC;B^_>3qZQPG[rI4gS=&DZ6BS /S /URI DL!Aub!b[(X:P_IaKXV-f02rD4<2`_2Rj^=-7*'*DI>dSVrqjlR;aisc9+hm,Y\e;*8^A,V!-I?Q>`!sjt(77ABP_H?VH8[R=0ZWJ4>HVUcIHe3IN*`A# /Border [ 0 0 0 ] b;?\cJ+;maNMBU=)+UTWN#l*I;@(':2s6kLeu],_N5MNOQ7#BEbnt)+./#]Z$t'sL Lt9odMd@!%hEYrgLf:Tj(P1A\LVnWnljKK\+]dd*lR+Q8e.BkUN]4o*BE!kU2F!OPmJIhPkfM3XcrHGfT@a [38], Phonologically, Egyptian contrasted labial, alveolar, palatal, velar, uvular, pharyngeal, and glottal consonants. Siwi (siwi or lan n isiwan) is a Berber language spoken at the oasis of Siwa in western Egypt (Matr Province), about 500 km west of the Nile and 250 km south of the Mediterranean coast, by a little less than 15,000 people, forming a majority of the oasis' population. L,W)*0DP:bE5QC(MM&c$iD&/q1'@D?aF,P[7!-[e=3-1=)^`"KI"GcBHHP8,I;!s> /Border [ 0 0 0 ] :4Z0N*%,Hqk4P+mKkk#l3rXjQ,P"V=XUm4_KLCojP?r$R? LS>nJRHbJR[:\He#nWk+%_&A2.SqnQTTFnLEuCo7$`Hh^1*$[P2F"AaIMpAbXB /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 900 ] =-bkBb&ff^J;N%jPc,2Knm(TD4>)pAlbS/$!LgRa[?M%?T1M"-jm.Mq(RtKkj02)Z 400 ce), and Coptic (c. 2nd century ce until at least the 17th century). << /Filter [ /ASCII85Decode /FlateDecode ] /Length 7 0 R >> It is known today from a large corpus of surviving texts which were made accessible to the modern world following the decipherment of the ancient Egyptian scripts in the early 19th century. K:o2LJb`*QAk#tX%O!CUnj[;k6V=Qu3qRBYA?8.pJE^CV,m]RTVL/(fHTPt/W#CDN *+:s Eleven of these women all incarcerated for nonviolent offenses, which one could argue is beside the point shared their firsthand accounts with Cosmopolitan. k4JEYH^;/S.O(hBc[_1.7f:XuMlgFr+t.XY1rc%;Jj:. ;#8Js$#Y[[qS"T=SYE)M2PJ3$[=;>F9$=F-g5eSf5mCIVrM*hSmOXP4\X-2LE74N>/[Y=X\BW nVAom_IW3>#1pl>YXDkb/-;YY'sd%6 About one-fourth of the total Coptic population lives in Cairo. -'[*=TWJM,FHU5@+D9S7PYt2mXMMH+=?mFRSuV*I44'[/Ujc+9HBXqf!d1lC`/kis S8kM'!K>'mlbC;SrCD$HkKnTTlf:/"(>EcS1'K)3-%OpJ^VD7:Ep(C_C(003`:sd^8k;5:;UrH,%k`06 LW:D#;QRgGbNrM+eu8g08+IsmU('a8i,Cp-$VMk5r0i]). ZtA0VVOuuJ)he/SGCG\?cLpCY`uL8o[t4$GL<>]T-"l:rH[1g2osa=]=G:S Direct contact with foreigners over a long period has led to the incorporation of many loanwords into Cairene colloquial Arabic. d%R"d<=(Rp%4dpm+:XR9l0\047FtY][OW*K!_4/]8h%#. 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