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B. You arrive on the scene with the code team. Seeking expert consultation. . What is your first action? Give atropine 0.5 mg IV. 1. How often should you provide ventilations? 4. Chest pain or shortness of breath is present. 1. 5. Chest pain or shortness of breath is present. 2. She rates her discomfort an 8 on a O to 10 scale. 1. 3. Which drug do you anticipate giving to this patient? ACLS Pretest Rhythms Flashcards | Quizlet ACLS Pretest Rhythms 5.0 (1 review) Term 1 / 20 Sinus Bradycardia Click the card to flip Definition 1 / 20 Click the card to flip Flashcards Learn Test Match Created by catps Just the rhythms Terms in this set (20) Sinus Bradycardia Reentry supraventricular tachycardia Start The Quiz about 3-5 minutes # % Follow us for daily quizzes and nursing banter. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like You are caring for a 66-year-old man with a history of a large intracerebral hemorrhage 2 Obtain a 12-lead ECG Your patient is a 68-year-old with severe COPD. Lidocaine 1 mg/kg IV/IO ACLS Pretest Questions and Answers 2023 (Full Practice Test) ACLS Pretest Questions and Answers 2023 (Free Full Practice Test). Which medication do you order next? Blood pressure is 104/70 mm Hg. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like You are caring for a 66-year-old man with a history of a large intracerebral hemorrhage 2 Average satisfaction rating 4.8/5. He is receiving oxygen and 2 sublingual nitroglycerin tablets have relieved his chest discomfort. 22. The patient is receiving oxygen via nasal cannula at 2L/min, and an IV has been established. She is now extremely apprehensive. What is the recommended compression rate for high-quality CPR? Your immediate next order is: He has a history of angina. Epinephrine 1 mg IV/IO You review his chart. 4. The next action is to: What is the recommended target temperature range for achieving therapeutic hypothermia after cardiac arrest? Magnesium is contraindicated for VT associated with a normal QT interval. About every 2 minutes Intubation and administration of 100% oxygen, Your patient is not responsive and is not breathing. 4. Give normal saline 250 mL to 500 mL fluid bolus. Fibrinolytic therapy has been ordered. Cause significant peripheral vasoconstriction, b. Neutralize acid accumulated during cardiac arrest, c. Slow conduction through the atrioventricular node, d. Cause profound peripheral vasodilation, a. Key Term acls pretest quizlet 2018; Course Hero uses AI to attempt to automatically extract content from documents to surface to you and others so you can study better, e.g., in search results, to enrich docs, and more. Blood pressure is 104/70mm Hg. Your next order is: Give atropine 0.5 mg IV Dopamine at 2 to 10 mcg/kg per minute. 5. Your best course Of action in this situation will be to: 40. Get ACLS recertification online, BLS renewal, and PALS recert online. What is the next action? Q11. ACLS pretest Flashcards Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Chest compressions for an adult are performed: a. at a rate between 60-80 compressions b. From across the room, your first impression Of the patient is that she is not moving, you can see no rise and fall of her chest Or abdomen. Administer 3 sequential (stacked) shocks at 360 J (monophasic defibrillator). 70 to 80 compressions per minute Continue monitoring and seek expert consultation. Consider sedation and perform synchronized cardioversion with 100 joules, b. 4. Administer magnesium sulfate 1 to 2 g IV diluted in 10 mL D5W given over 5 to 20 minutes. 3. Epinephrine, vasopressin, amiodarone Acls precourse self assessment answers 2020 quizlet - Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like 3 AV block p and qrs completely. An antiarrhythmic drug was given immediately after the third shock. True or False: Rapid, wide-QRS rhythms associated with pulselessness, shock, or congestive heart failure should be presumed to be ventricular tachycardia. 3rd Degree Block (Complete Heart Block) 2. 19. 3. Vasopressin is recommended instead of epinephrine for the treatment of asystole. Give normal saline 250 mL to 500 mL fluid bolus. 2 days ago Web ACLS Pretest. 1. You are monitoring a patient with chest discomfort who suddenly becomes unresponsive. 3. Give lidocaine 1 to 1.5 mg IV and start infusion. Nursing staff report the patient was recovering from a pulmonary embolism and suddenly collapsed. below. External jugular vein Notes about the 12-lead ECG say A 56-year-old man reports that he has palpitations but not chest pain or difficulty breathing. Give amiodarone 300 mg IV 1. We have selected 20 questions (10 questions for BLS) that cover many topics which will be tested on the certification examination. . 3. You are monitoring a patient. Which of the following reflects the operation Of a transcutaneous pacemaker for a patient experiencing asymptomatic bradycardia? Your next action is to: Emergency medical responders are unable to obtain a peripheral IV for a patient in cardiac arrest. 4. If no pathway for medication administration is in place, which method is preferred? What is your next action? Which intervention is indicated first?SVT 2. Give a 2.5- to 5-mg IV bolus Of verapamil over 3 minutes, c. Deliver a single shock using 360 joules after 5 cycles of CPR and then immediately resume CPR, d. Give magnesium sulfate 1 to 2 g IV over 10 minutes, b. What actions have the highest priority? ACLS Precourse Self Assessment Answers (Pharmacology, Rhythm), ASVAB Paragraph Comprehension Practice Test 2023, IAHCSMM CRCST Practice Test Chapter 3 [UPDATED 2023], IAHCSMM CRCST Practice Test Chapter 1 [UPDATED 2023], CRCST Practice Test Chapter 1 [UPDATED 2023], CRCST Practice Test 2023 (UPDATED ALL CHAPTERS), a. Symptomatic first-degree atrioventricular block, d. Atrial fibrillation with a rapid ventricular response, a. Amiodarone, dopamine, procainamide, naloxone, and adenosine, b. Naloxone, atropine, vasopressin, epinephrine, and lidocaine, c. Lidocaine, amiodarone, procainamide, vasopressin, and naloxone, d. Procainamide, epinephrine, lidocaine, adenosine, and dopamine, a. 36. The monitor shows a regular wide-QRS at a rate of 180/min. CPR is in progress. Administer adenosine 6 mg; seek expert consultation. Being CPR with chest compressions for 2 minutes or about 5 cycles of compressions and ventilations. High-quality CPR is in progress. Bradycardia requires treatment when: This is a sample copy of the American Heart Association (AHA) Advanced Cardiac Life Support Precourse Self Assessment Question Answers. An oral airway is in place. Use of a phosphodiesterase inhibitor within 12 hours, A patient with possible ST-segment elevation MI has ongoing chest discomfort. The primary survey reveals that the patient is unresponsive and not breathing. 1. Sinus Bradycardia 6. AHA ACLS Practice Test. Which of the following may be used for rhythm control of acute myocardial in-fraction? Ventricular fibrillation has been refractory to a second shock. b. electrons. Giving breaths over 1 second His monitored rhythm becomes irregular as seen above. Reply. His level Of consciousness suddenly decreased as an alarm sounded on the monitor. Which action do you take next? Breathing is shallow at 8 to 12 breaths/minute. ACLS PreTest: Pharmacology and Practical Appl, Developmental Milestones (Codo/Peds Exam), Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing. On the next rhythm check, you see the rhythm shown here. He is being evaluated for another acute stroke. 3. 1. Continue monitoring the patient and seek expert consultation. Lidocaine 1mg/kg The actual exam may differ from our materials. Two shocks and 1 dose of epinephrine have been given. Produces a small amount of blood flow to the heart. The next action is to: Give normal Saline 250 mL to 500 ml fluid bolus Lidocaine 0.5 mg/kg, Your patient has been intubated. Your patient is in cardiac arrest and has been intubated. 1. Glucose 50% IV push You are uncertain if a faint pulse is present. A patient was in refractory ventricular fibrillation. Heparin 4000 units IV bolus and a heparin infusion of 1000 units per hour are being administered. Should be given only to patients with narrow-QRS tachycardia or dysrhythmias known with certainty to be Of supraventricular origin, b. ACLS Pretest Questions and Answers 2023 (Full Practice Test) ACLS Pretest Questions and Answers 2023 (Free Full Practice Test). 4. What is special about ferromagnetic materials? 2. Initiate transcutaneous pacing (TCP). Perform endotracheal intubation. Dose of 1 mg The most common side effects of giving amiodarone are: 5. Dopamine at 10 to 20 mcg/kg per minute 1. How does complete chest recoil contribute to effective CPR? ACLS. What is the purpose of a medical emergency team (MET) or rapid response team (RRT)? A 65-year-old woman is found unresponsive and not breathing. Epinephrine 1 mg or vasopressin 40 units IV or IO. A thrid shock has just been administered. A patient has sinus bradycardia with a heart rate of 36/min. Which Of the following could be administered endotracheally if necessary? 4. Should be given IV or endotracheally in cardiac arrest due to pulseless electrical activity, c. Is given as a loading dose of 150-mg IV bolus over 10 minutes in cardiac arrest, d. Should be given only if there is a return of spontaneous circulation after cardiac arrest, a. Reply. These quizzes cover the latest PALS algorithms and are designed to test the scenarios you will encounter when practicing PALS. Conduct a problem-focused history and physical examination. You've studied the material inside and out. What is the recommended initial airway management technique? A 56-year-old woman is complaining Of palpitations. This rhythm is a narrow-QRS tachycardia, a non-shockable rhythm, c. This rhythm is monomorphic ventricular tachycardia, a shockable rhythm, d. This rhythm is a wide-QRS tachycardia, a non-shockable rhythm, d. The dose recommended by the manufacturer for terminating the rhythm, a. ACLS Pretest Overview. What is the recommended route for drug administration during CPR? She is receiving oxygen at 4L/min by nasal cannula, and an Iv has been established. 3. The patient is confused, and her blood pressure is 110/60 mm Hg. The patient is intubated and an IV has been started. 5. A patient with sinus bradycardia and a heart rate of 42/min has diaphoresis and a blood pressure of 80/60mm Hg. Perform synchronized cardioversion starting with 50 joules, c. Perform CPR for 2 minutes, then defibrillate with 200 joules, d. Perform CPR and give epinephrine 1 mg IV push, a. Your patient is not responsive and is not breathing, You can palpate a carotid pulse. What is the indication for the use of magnesium in cardiac arrest? Examination Of the patient reveals no signs of trauma. 1. If no head or neck trauma is suspected, Which Of the following techniques should healthcare professionals to open the airway? The patient had resolution of moderate (5.10) chest pain with 3 doses of sublingual nitroglycerin. Bag-mask ventilations are producing visible chest rise, and IO access has been established. About every 5 minutes, A 45-year-old woman with a history of palpitations develops light-headedness and palpitations. During post-ROSC treatment, the patient becomes unresponsive, with the rhythm shown here. 1. Give atropine 1 mg IV. The first antiarrhythmic administered in the management Of the patient in pulseless ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation is: 11. Your rescue team arrives to find a 59-year-old man lying on the kitchen floor. 5. 1. The patient did not take aspirin because he has a history of gastritis, which was treated 5 years ago. Patient's 12 lead ECG shows ST segment elevation in the anterior leads. 1. She is now extremely apprehensive. 3. Intubate the patient and give epinephrine 2 to 4 mg via the endotracheal tube. Which intervention below is most important, reducing in-hospital and 30-day mortality? The CT scan is negative for hemorrhage. Chapter 18: Drug-Nutrient . Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like You are caring for a 66-year-old man with a history of a large intracerebral hemorrhage 2 Explain mathematic question Math understanding that gets you Figure out math equations . 1. Ventricular tachycardia associated with a normal QT interval vfib Which of the following statements about the use of magnesium in cardiac arrest is most accurate? Perform immediate unsynchronized cardioversion. Drugs given during cardiac arrest should be given: 25. 1. The maximum length of time for a suctioning attempt is: 45. Bag-mask ventilations are producing visible chest rise. Perform vagal maneuvers and repeat adenosine 6 mg IV. Which Of the following statements is true Of right ventricular infarction (RVI)? What is your next action? There are no contraindications, and 4 mg of morphine sulfate was administered. The monitor shows a regular wide-complex QRS at a rate of 180/min. 1. The patient suddenly becomes unconscious and has a weak carotid pulse. Patient is experiencing shortness of breath, a BP of 68/50 mmHg, and HR of 190/min. Deliver three stacked shocks using 200, 300, and 360 joules after 5 cycles (about 2 minutes) of CPR, b. You are working in the Emergency Department when you are notified by EMS that they are in route with a 2-year-old who has been pulled from a swimming pool. About every 12-14 seconds 3. What action is recommended next? Give an additional 2 mg of morphine sulfate. An IV has been established. Patient remains in ventricular fibrillation despite 1 shock and 2 minutes of continuous CPR. An antiarrhythmic drug was given immediately after the third shock. A 75-year-old man has suffered a cardiac arrest. What is your next action? Give heparin if the CT scan is negative for hemorrhage Which action do you take next? By the endotracheal route whenever possible, c. By IV bolus and followed with a 20-mL flush of IV fluid, d. By IV bolus over 2 to 3 minutes and then followed with a 10-mL flush of IV fluid, c. Continue peripheral IV attempts until successful, a. 2. 1. 2. 2. A rhythm check now finds asystole. This is a sample copy of the American Heart Association (AHA) Advanced Cardiac Life Support Precourse Self Assessment Question Answers. Which is an appropriate and important intervention to perform for a patient who achieves ROSC during an out-of-hospital resuscitation? There are a total of 50 questions with answer keys designed to help ACLS 2022 candidates for their better test prep. 3. 50. Administer amiodarone 300 mg. 2. Administer nitroglycerin 0.4 sublingual or spray. What is the next action after establishing an IV and obtaining a 12-lead ECG? Amiodarone 150 mg IV bolus; start infusion. Free acls quizes to pass pretest for acls with answers. Your team looks to you for instructions. Give an immediate unsynchronized high-energy shock (defibrillation dose). CPR is in progress. Steam at 3MPa3\ \mathrm{MPa}3MPa and 400C400^{\circ} \mathrm{C}400C is expanded to 30kPa30\ \mathrm{kPa}30kPa in an adiabatic turbine with an isentropic efficiency of 929292 percent. Sublingual nitroglycerin 0.4 mg. Administer sedation and begin immediate transcutaneous pacing at 80/min. She has no chest discomfort, shortness of breath, or light-headedness. In which situation does bradycardia require treatment? Perform vagal maneuvers Repeat the antiarrhythmic drug The patient is intubated. The ACLS Medical Training practice tests provide an overview of the types of questions you will face on the certification exams. High-quality chest compressions are being given. 5. Give sublingual nitroglycerin 0.4 mg. Pulseless ventricular tachycardia-associated torsades de pointes. What is the initial does of atropine? Vasopressin can be administered twice during cardiac arrest. Atropine 1 mg, A 35-year-old woman has palpitations, light-headedness, and a stable tachycardia. ACLS Pharmacology Pretest SET-2. 4. The monitor shows a regular wide-complex QRS at a rate of 180/min. Amiodarone, lidocaine, epinephrine Lidocaine may be lethal if administered for which of the following rhythms? Hamdy says. Oxygen is being administered by nasal cannula at 4 L/min, and an IV line is in place. According to the law of reflection, if the angle of incidence of an incoming ray of light hitting a mirror is 46 degrees, what is the angle of reflection for the same ray leaving the mirror? 2. For that we provide acls review free real test. ORG ACLS CODES!, In which situation does bradycardia require treatment?, During your assessment, your patient suddenly loses . Chest compressions should never be interrupted, c. Interruptions in chest compressions to analyze the ECG, Charge the defibrillator, place an advanced airway, check a pulse, or other procedures must be kept to a minimum, d. Chest compressions and ventilations should be interrupted every 3 to 5 minutes to permit the members Of the resuscitation team to change positions, a. Airway, breathing, circulation (ABCs); 02; IV; sedation; and synchronized cardioversion with 200 joules, b. ABCs, 02, IV, vagal maneuvers, and lidocaine 1- to 1.5-mg/kg IV bolus, c. ABCs, 02, IV, and atropine -mg IV every 3 to 5 minutes to a maximum Of 3 mg, d. ABCs, 02, IV, vagal maneuvers, and adenosine 6-mg rapid IV bolus, d. Prepare the to insert an advanced airway, b. IV/IO access is not available. Attempt endotracheal intubation with minimal interruptions in CPR. Pulseless ventricular tachycardia-associated torsades de pointes Which treatment or medication is appropriate for the treatment of a patient in asystole? The cardiac monitor documents the rhythm shown here. Which intervention is indicated first? At least 2 inches You observe the following rhythm on the cardiac monitor. Her blood pressure is 120/78 mm Hg. F. C is doubled, G. C is increased by four times, H. C is decreased by 1/4, J. After verifying unresponsiveness and abnormal breathing, you activate emergency response team. The patients sister states that 15 minutes ago, the patient said she couldnt breathe and then lost consciousness. 2. Amiodarone 300 mg IV. His pulse is weak and fast. 3. What is the next action? 4. Your best course Of action at this time will be to: 27. You are the code team leader and arrive to find a patient with above rhythm and CPR in progress. Which intervention is most important in reducing this patient's in-hospital and 30-day mortality rate? Blood pressure is 108/70 mm Hg. February 18, 2023 at 7:37 pm. The patient developed severe chest discomfort with diaphoresis. The approximate percentage of oxygen delivered by a simple face mask at 8 to 10 L/min is: 20. Marie Georgette Ngo Tonye says. 1. You are working in the radiology department as a registered nurse. Administer lidocaine 1mg/kg IV. 1. She is now extremely apprehensive. 5. They rhythm shown here is seen on the cardiac monitor. An IV is in place, and no drugs have been given. Her blood pressure is 120/78mm Hg. 3. 1. When you arrive, the parents inform you that he has been sick with a fever, diarrhea and vomiting for the past 48 hours. A patient with ST-segment elevation MI has ongoing chest discomfort. After resuming high-quality compressions, which action do you take next? 1. 2. Reentry SVT 5. V fib . What is the most appropriate intervention for a rapidly deteriorating patient who has this lead II ECG? 2. It is now 62/38. 4. High quality compressions are given. The rhythm is asystole. 2. He is asymptomatic, with a blood pressure of 110/70 mm Hg. He suddenly has the persistent rhythm shown below. 5. Apply an AED Obtain a 12-lead ECG and administer aspirin if not contraindicated. An IV is in place, and no drugs have been given. PALS Prehospital. 2. 18. A patient becomes unresponsive. Repeat amiodarone 300 mg IV. For the given state of stress, determine (a) the principal Get immediate feedback while you prepare for your exam. A 35-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with a chief compliant of palpitations. Tepat sekali pada kesempatan kali ini pengurus web mau membahas artikel, dokumen ataupun file tentang Acls Pretest Code 2021 Quizlet yang sedang kamu cari saat ini dengan lebih baik.. Dengan berkembangnya teknologi dan semakin banyaknya developer di negara kita, maka . You are receiving a radio report from an EMS team en route with a patient who may be having an acute stroke. Stimulates alpha, beta-1 , and beta-2 receptors, b. The first drug and dosage for Ventricular Fibrillation (other than Oxygen) is what? A second shock is given, and chest compressions are resumed immediately. What is your next intervention? When questioned, she denies Chest discomfort or Shortness of breath. Single rescuers should use a compression-to-ventilation ratio of 30 compressions to 2 breaths when giving CPR to victims of any age. Team members tell you that the patient was well but reported chest discomfort and then collapsed. What is the most common complication in the first few hours of an acute myocardial infarction? 14. Dose of 0.1mg Aspirin was not taken by the patient because he had a history of gastritis treated 5 years ago. Is given as an initial IV dose Of 300 mg and one repeat dose of 150 mg in cardiac arrest due to pulseless ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation, b. Morphine sulfate 2 to 4 mg IV. Note this pretest does not represent the actual examination questions. We discuss in these sample acls test from different topics like practice acls test questions, acls test answers quizlet. 4. What element of effective resuscitation team dynamics does this represent? About every 3 minutes Pulseless Electrical Activity 3. Atropine 1 mg You determine that he is unresponsive and notice that he is taking agonal breaths. What is the initial dose of atropine? 4. Atropine 1 mg IV or IO. ACLS Written Exam 1. Second dose of epinephrine 1 mg ACLS Pretest Flashcards. that his baseline QT interval is high normal to slightly prolonged. 5. 1. 5. A responder is caring for a patient with a history of congestive heart failure. One does of epinephrine was given after the second shock. 2. Begin transcutaneous pacing. ACLS PRETEST ANSWER KEY RHYTHM IDENTIFICATION (PART I) 1. ACLS Pretest Flashcards Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Chest compressions for an adult are performed: a. at a rate between 60-80 compressions b. 2. The monitor shows a regular narrow-complex QRS at a rate of 180/min. Level Of responsiveness, airway, breathing, circulation, defibrillation if necessary, c. Temperature, pulse, respiration, blood pressure, d. Oxygen, IV fluid challenge, vital signs, level Of responsiveness, a. 3. 1. Apakah Anda lagi mencari postingan seputar Acls Pretest Code 2021 Quizlet tapi belum ketemu? Next you would: Course Ventricular Fibrillation 4. Perform unsynchronized cardioversion At this time you would: A patient in respiratory distress and with a BP of 70/50 mmHg presents with the following lead II ECG rhythm. The cardiac monitor displays asystole. This is an introduction to content further reviewed in other quizzes. She has no chest discomfort, shortness of breath, or light-headedness. Which best describe the recommended second does of amiodarone for this patient? The physiologic reason for ventricular filling time, which frequently this is that increases in heart rate result in results in stroke volume. 2. Give an immediate synchronized shock. The gas may be assumed to have the properties of air at atmospheric pressure. Squeezing the bag with both hands You should order: 2. High-quality CPR is in progress. 10 seconds A patient has a rapid irregular wide-complex tachycardia. Bag-mask ventilations are producing visible chest rise. Give atropine 1 mg IV You would first order: A panicked secretary calls you to the waiting room where you arrive to find a middle-aged man lying supine on the floor. A patient's 12-lead ECG was transmitted by the paramedics and showed an acute MI. For quiz acls you must go through real exam. She is intubated and is receiving 100% oxygen. Epinephrine 2 to 10 mcg/kg per minute Give adenosine 3 mg IV bolus. 90 to 100 compressions per minute About every 8-10 seconds An IV has been initiated. A 45-year-old woman with a history of palpitations develops light-headedness and palpitations. ACLS PreTest: Pharmacology and Practical Application Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like A patient is in refractory ventricular fibrillation. Application of transcutaneous pacemaker You see an organized, nonshockable rhythm on the ECG monitor. She becomes diaphoretic, and her blood pressure is 80/60 mm HG/ Which action do you take next? Ventricular fibrillation has been refractory to an initial shock. Give metoprolol 5 mg IV and repeat if necessary. A defibrillator is present. Based on the average satisfaction rating of 4.8/5, it can be said that the customers are highly satisfied with the product. He is now unresponsive. 3. Show Answers. All material on this website is for reference purposes only and does not represent the actual format, pattern from respective official authority. ACLS Pretest Flashcards | Quizlet. 2. A 53-year-old man has shortness of breath, chest discomfort, and weakness. One dose of epinephrine was given after the second shock. She has no other symptoms. The practice test consists of 10 multiple-choice questions that are derived from the ACLS Study Guide and adhere to the latest ILCOR and ECC guidelines. A 57-year-old woman has palpitation, chest discomfort, and tachycardia. 4. You arrive on the scene with the code team. Vasopressin is indicated for VF and pulseless VT before delivery of the first shock. 15 seconds Ventilating until you see the chest rise When an electron moves through a medium at a speed exceeding the speed of light in that medium, the electron radiates electromagnetic energy (the Cerenkov effect). 5. A patient with STEMI has ongoing chest discomfort. Start epinephrine 2 to 10 mcg/min and titrate to patient response. One does of epinephrine was given after the second shock. The monitor shows a. regular narrow-complex QRS at a rate of 180/min. Repeat adenosine 3 mg IV. Sublingual nitroglycerin 0.4 mg. Establish and IV and give vasopressin 40 units. An AED has previousy advised "no shock indicated." 2. (1) $ 42.45 $ 20.49 9x sold 5 items 1. Begin ventilating with a bag-valve-mask, d. Insert an endotracheal tube, Cornbitube. haileybaret. 4. The CT scan is negative for hemorrhage. Give additional 1 mg atropine. Seeking expert consultation A patient is in cardiac arrest. What is the appropriate rate of chest compressions for an adult in cardiac arrest? Central line Give sedation and perform synchronized cardioversion. Reentry supraventricualr tachycardia (SVT)